Jatau et al June & December 2010

Sokoto Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 8(1&2):4-8

Efficacies of diminazene aceturate and isometamidium chloride In Trypanosoma evansi experimentally infected rats

ID Jatau, AI Lawal, RIS Agbede RIS & EM Abdurrahman

Abstract

Efficacies of Diminazene aceturate (BerenilR) and Isometamidium chloride (VeridiumR) were studied in Trypanosoma evansi experimentally infected albino rats. The criteria used for the assessment of the anti-trypanosomal effect of the drugs included the examination of the blood and tissues for T. evansi after treatment. Fifty-four albino rats were inoculated with approximately 1.2 x 106 Trypanosoma evansi and then randomly grouped into 4 groups of 12 rats each viz groups A, B, C and D. Rats in groups A and B were treated with 3.5 mgkg-1and 7mgkg-1 Berenil respectively; groups C and D were treated with 0.5mgkg-1 and 1 mgkg-1 Veridiuim respectively. The remaining untreated 6 rats (Group E) served as control. Four rats from each of the treatment groups were treated with the drugs on 5, 8, and 11 days post infections (dpi). Parasitaemia in the untreated control and the treated rats were monitored using Haematocrit Centrifuge Technique (HCT) twice weekly. Two rats from each group were sacrificed at 45 dpi; visceral organs, brain and testis were collected for impression smears. Berenil was able to clear the parasitaemia in all rats treated with the drug. However relapse of parasitaemia occurred in all the Berenil groups except those treated early at 5 dpi with a dose of 7mgkg-1. Veridium on the other hand was not effective in the elimination of the parasites from circulation in all the groups treated with the drug except those treated early at 1 mgkg-1. Relapse of the parasitaemia however; occurred in all rats in this group within days 11-14 post treatment. With the exception of those treated with Berenil at a dose of 7mgkg-1, trypanosomes were seen in all the rat’s organs examined irrespective of the drugs used. It is suggested that the T. evansi isolate is resistant to isometamidium chloride at the recommended doses and to low normal dose of diminazene aceturate. However, it is susceptible to high dose of diminazene aceturate when treatment is instituted at early stage of the infection.

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